Pieter Cnoll, Cornelia van Nijenrode, Their Daughters and Two Enslaved Servants

Cornelia van Nijenrode was the daughter of a Japanese courtesan and a Dutch East India Company (VOC) merchant. She was married to the wealthy senior VOC merchant Cnoll. In the background is Surapati, one of their servants. He fled slavery several years after he was portrayed here. First, he fought in the service of the VOC, but later against it. Surapati then became a monarch in East Java and centuries later was proclaimed Indonesia’s national hero.